The Death of the Diamond
Vulcanizing Ceramics
This is an official public release (date 7/7/21) by Lee A Dowsett for the invention of process for producing vulcanized ceramics. The process is for sale at $1,000,000 for shared rights for commercial/industrial applications(I accept many forms of payment/trade)
Vulcanized alumina ceramics are strong and sharp edged, while staying very hard/ they easily outpace diamonds by a magnitude even when cutting hard materials like diorite gneiss or anorthosite. They can cut rebar and metal, and practically scoop out hard limestone and calcite crystals (diamonds wont cut calcite crystals). No or very low wear , thermally or abrasively on any rock. Instant manufacturing process takes 30 seconds to make pounds and costs pennies. Completely scalable, any tool any size. Can be used a variety of ways.
Vulcanized silica polymers have enhanced strength. Foams, aerogels, and glasses. 🛸
This patent is specifically for ceramics containing added sulfur less than 5% and greater than .01% sulfur by mass. A more detailed process is available for 1M$.
Vulcanizing ceramics means to add small amounts of sulfur bridging in the molecular structure of ceramics.
Neolithic Ceramics (UPDATE)
Fundamental theorem of heating ceramics by friction (AKA Prometheus's Theorem)
"A ceramic material can stably achieve a temperature up to its melting point by friction."
*Please note that some materials do not provide thermally viable friction against each other.
Where is this theorem useful?
-friction thermolysis reactors. When a material is placed or ground by two ceramics in near contact. Capable of producing things like hydraulic cement from calcium carbonate in a high flow CFR/milling design. Other materials have tested positive for achieving high temperatures quickly and efficiently in this reactor design. Original design was sourced from redware bell mills found in ancient Rome, and other places.
*A type of pine tar along with an organic off gas can be made quickly with certain ceramics at high speeds. Batch reaction will work, not sure about CFR In this circumstance not only are high temperatures achieved but also very high pressures, which can be used in a number of ways.
-Indirectly heating materials to the ceramic materials temperature without the use of hazardous/explosive oxy-fuel systems, complicated vacuum laser technology, or inefficient electrical arc systems currently used, and at a theoretically nearly pure energy conversion.
-Heating other materials beyond the temperature of the ceramic, but not the ceramic itself. Such as taking kimberlite (micro diamonds/spinel in igneous rock) and stirring the rock magma
*VSR Drill, 800 rpm and less (usually much less; its an art) 1/2" pure alumina tube(thick walled) or auger for a modern ceramics test Warning!!! Fine/Modern ceramics have limited use for these tools. They don't like to be heated fast and can fracture easily: The auger will pump taffy like lava out in strings, the tube can heat the stuff inside it hotter than I have ever witnessed, and is much hotter than I can measure (flickering white state plasma like appearance in otherwise opaque tube)
**VSR Drill, 800 rpm and less 1/2" Sintered carbide(porous) in kimberlite: Turned the rock to a water like consistency lava. However the ceramic easily dissolved into the rock!
-Understanding friction wear on ceramically materials. Stronger tools can be made by understanding what causes wear on ceramics. Metal clay mixtures have proven very useful at strengthening while allowing for more simple heating measures when producing ceramics. Eutectics have proven for the most part to hinder the ceramics ability to keep its edge when cutting a rock. My theory is that the heat is more easily dissipated allowing for the tip of the tool to stay cool and hard.
USEFUL CERAMICS
REDWARE:
I am able to now produce a small amount of the fully vitrified calcia redware myself. The type made from limestone clay(manufactured from hard rock) mixed with <5% iron filings (from a cutoff saw) was able to scratch any igneous rock like it was able to skate on it, and very strangely is easily scratched by limestone and other sedimentary rocks like it was chalk.
ALUMINOTHERMIC CERAMICS:
Large Ceramics can be made easily from common thermite mixtures. Additives such as MgO can be used to alter some physical and presumably chemical properties of the ceramic. I have yet to make one capable of cutting igneous rock however it makes a great "hard bubbly sponge" for use on calcite crystals, limestone, and alabaster. Its both hard, sharp, and strong! Very Scalable but hard to cast precision components. Maybe could be best described as a steel like material that does not wear when used on the proper rocks. If other metal oxides are added the material is destabilized by water due to its foamy formation. Be careful if you dare make this one.
*aluminothermic ceramic recommendation for limestone cutting tools: ignite a pure aluminum and iron oxide mixture (no additives) on top of a thick slab of limestone (low purity works). The limestone can bond to the molten thermite and make a scratchy pad. When cutting limestone use water to clear the sponge of rock dust.
** Ancient cultures probably did not have aluminum powder but did have alumina clays and were known to sometimes add a leavening agent to them (carbonates usually in the form of calcite).
Note from the inventor:
-I thought condensing the subject matter into a single theorem might make it a little easier to take in and comprehend. There is so much that can be developed and invented on that theorem alone.
Neolithic stone melting Outdated Information
They were all wrong!!
As it turns out: NO! Aliens did not come down 10,000 years ago with brass tools or whatever the other guys said. As it shows they were just a highly intelligent and used materials in a way that we were previously unfamiliar with. I'm not the crazy one you all are!
Ceramics
Modern ceramics such as the ones used in my tooling have a couple of properties that come in handy when working with stone.
1. Thermal shock resistance: Quickly rising temperature such as those caused by plasticized stone have low impact on ceramicware.
2. Ceramics hold up to strong compressive forces and has a relatively high tensile strength.
3. low Thermal transfer: Ceramics are generally known as an insulator meaning it does not take heat on so well itself... although this property also makes it hard for ceramics to lose heat... Ceramic tooling just like chemical reactors are subject to thermal runaway if improperly designed.
4.Most are low toxicity as far as the dust is concerned.
Every tool and every rock is different
Anytime you work a new material or use a new sized or shaped tool it changes your speeds, feeds, pressures, cooling requirements etc. while machining, drilling, or sawing
If the bit starts to glow white when cutting a stone make sure to use a submerged water process as this means your bit is vaporizing. Also check for compaction on any grooves. sedementary rocks form concretions and some will only work continuously with water. Never use water when trying to melt or soften stone
Machining notes
-Small bits are tuff.
-Reducing machine chatter is key. (clamps, uneven tooth number, reducing feedback can be tough)
-The bit like to move fast side to side but not as much in the plunge 1/4 inch bit at 120+IPM at pass depths of .03 was working out ok. Work in progress though
- Be prepared for a "lightsaber" bit. If you are cutting a stone and hit a harder stone than your speeds and feeds are set for get ready for a pretty little lightsaber to go flying across your enclosure... (do not operate with out a full enclosure. Very Dangerous!!
Drilling.
Try to think of a bow drill when drilling. Best results are from stop go drilling. Now a candle stick + ceramic core bit in a hand drill
Carving.
No claims or patents on this one. on this one go nuts making ceramic carving tools. I like yttria ceramic knives for carving softer stones. lots of fun.
Melting.
Much more difficult than the rest. Melting more than a thimble requires a few things .
- Insulated tooling and rock
-Drive systems and candlestick chucks made of ceramics or bronze (low conduction materials)
-High torque, High Speeds. The bit can easily break if the tool cant keep up and stalls in a puddle of lava.
-Cooling the drive system it gains heat no matter what you want to do to insulate it.
-Pretty much you need a specialty water wheel! Might make sense of why so many megalithic melted structures are right next to moving water.
Clamps!!!
Rocks are amorphous shaped and while you can put a ceramic bit in most drills the bit will chatter, shake and crack if you don't have some serious clamping mechanisms for weird shapes. So far I have found clay and alligator teeth clamps to be most successful when attempting a small rock.
Larger rocks are surprisingly easier to machine due to their ability to take on much more heat before cracking or softening. They also do not require complicated clamping procedures and tend to be cut with a larger bit.
Yes, They could fully soften a boulder with ceramics
Even on a drill press with no insulation to the rock at all i was capable of making the entire inside of the rock glow red. You can actually form kimberlite "lollipops" and weld zirconia with the molten kimberlite... Something previously thought to be impossible. Makes sense though considering kimberlite holds on to diamonds soo well.
Other tooling's discovered, claimed, and with intellectual rights.
-Friction Tube Furnace for smelting, gas centrifuge, chemical reaction, deposition, thermolysis.
+Friction furnace consists of any tube or rod made of ceramics put in motion in order to produce a friction based heat source for either or both the contents inside or outside the ceramic apparatus.
+Our current design obtains temperatures of a 1000 degrees C in seconds. a )
+notable exceptions to our patent:
1. non monolithic ceramic components smaller than a 2mm in diameter at any axis.
2.Any tool using a hand held bow or hand operatized/powered tool used as the driving force for a friction furnace is exempt from this intellectual property claim due to its inability to achieve a high rate of kJ/hr.
The fire drill itself is historically endowed to Prometheus... see history of the pramantha (including Mesopotamian and American based gods ie, Prometheus, quetzoquetle etc.) if you know of any other historical/mythological gods teaching the fire drill please let me know it usually leads me to find more tools. Thofts forked shaft for instance is more obviously a stone boring tool, and with that as well if you use the historical hand operated model manofohm/Lee Dowsett does not care.
-Nuclear waste management system (stone glass waste storage)
-Ceramic Coring bits
Available for sale in the lapidary section of this store
-ceramic solid tube and rod CNC machine tooling (endmills, round mills, engravers, router bits, etc)
-Ceramic Circular Saw
+consisting of ceramic beads or segmented/notched ceramic discs.
-Ceramic Reciprocating Saw
-Friction Steam Boiler and whole house/building heated systems.
+friction furnace plus water = a real lot of instant steam.
-Using ceramics to melt Stone and produce gemstones or amalgamated products.
-Bowl making tube tool
-Skin polishing tools. Turns the surface of skin glassy and warped.
-Piezoluminescent applications.
-Wood melting applications. (Possibly Neanderthal tar glue a 200,000 year old technology)
+ Example1: used as wood burning pen like tool.
+ Example2: Friction Furnaced soft wood for bulk wood tar/plastic
+ Note: molten wood tar can be made from any part of the tree, and has a thin spreadable liquid like property while still hot and hardens to a not so sticky plastic, smells nice but probably toxic from phenolic compounds) I find the pramantha a far more likely tool for fire starting than MnO2 for the Neanderthals as well. Manganese dioxide is not simply extracted from quartz or other minerals in a vast quantity such as clay is from a lake. low fired ceramics are fully suited for this application well within even early Neanderthals reach.
-auger/helix tubes or cones made of ceramics for use in stone working.
Example: Ancient Egyptian tools at Daedamus ruins https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-piles-of-ancient-pottery-shards-on-the-desert-floor-at-daydamus-roman-24641094.html . Labeled drinking vessels.
-Crescent moon shaped tooling
Example: Crescent moon shaped ceramic tool on the end of a bronze spindle. As ash or abbraded material is removed it falls onto the crescent moon shaped plate and can be lifted out of the drill hole (?? see ancient Egypt lathe hieroglyph for a potential representation of this tool)
Side note: In the jeweler hieroglyph there is several workers that appear to potentially be using friction in order to heat a material or vessel.
Additional side note: In the pottery sherds near the the tombs of umm el-Qaab there are a great deal of cupped tools and other noteworthy shapes.
-Drilling holes with ceramic for stone tile roofing
-Asphalt + aggregate road restoration disc. (resurfaces roads and redistributes aggregate.)
-Using broken ceramic shards for reaming the inside of a stone by stirring.
-Machined Mica plates. Cleanly machines mica without cracking or fracturing.
-Well drilling applications
-Candle stick tool holder
+consists of a drive shaft and a smooth male or female socket to hold a ceramic tube or rod.
- Dream Catcher rope clamp. Knotted rope rock clamp looks like a dream catcher.
-Planetary Gear driven multi ceramic tool for cutting large diameter holes.
-Gear rod or slotted rod like ceramic stone cutting/reamer. cuts hemispherical channel. Potentially an excellent saw and planer!!!
-Lathe knife array. Arrays of knives on a pad for removing material on a lathe.
-bead spline (bead saws, hole cutters, and reamers) made from ceramic tubing and soft tubing.
-Thermolysis based anorthosite coatings formed from a ceramic friction furnace.
-Mineral concentration techniques from a friction furnace.
+example1: Placing diorite gravel or sand in a friction furnace until fully reduced to anorthosite to concentrate platinum group metals along with nickel and iron.
+example2: Melting low grade quartz/kimberlite in a friction to concentrate gold/diamonds.
-Frosted ceramics for cutting stone.
+example1: Using caustic fusion processes to etch roughness into a ceramic material.
+example2:Using a hard abbrasive such as zirconia or micro diamonds to tumble or blast a frosted coating onto a ceramics surface.
-Contact lee.dowsett@manofohm.com for questions, pictures, video, design work, etc.
This company is a for profit business. I am looking to develop this project further and bring my findings right back to you! Water Wheels, Wind turbines, and quarries are not cheap.
